Tuning oxygen vacancy photoluminescence in monoclinic Y2WO6 by selectively occupying yttrium sites using lanthanum

The effect of isovalent lanthanum (La) doping on the monoclinic Y2WO6 photoluminescence was studied. Introducing the non-activated La(3+) into Y2WO6 brings new excitation bands from violet to visible regions and strong near-infrared emission, while the bands position and intensity depend on the doping concentration. It is interesting to find that doping La(3+) into Y2WO6 promotes the oxygen vacancy formation according to the first-principle calculation, Raman spectrum, and synchrotron radiation analysis. Through the Rietveld refinement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results, La(3+) is found to mainly occupy the Y2 (2f) site in low-concentration doped samples. With increasing doping concentration, the La(3+) occupation number at the Y3 (4g) site increases faster than those at the Y1 (2e) and Y2 (2f) sites. When La(3+) occupies different Y sites, the localized energy states caused by the oxygen vacancy pair change their position in the forbidden band, inducing the variation of the excitation and emission bands. This research proposes a feasible method to tune the oxygen vacancy emission, eliminating the challenge of precisely controlling the calcination atmosphere.